Multi-modality imaging characteristics of costochondral fractures, a highly specific rib fracture for child abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect. Neurotrauma Reports. Baerg J, Thirumoorthi A, Hazboun R, et al. Injuries that characterize Shaken Baby Syndrome are intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding in and around the brain); retinal hemorrhage (bleeding in the retina of the eye); and fractures of the ribs and at the ends of the long bones. Trauma to the head tears blood vessels that run along the surface of the brain. Dias MS, Rottmund CM, Cappos KM. Parasagittal vertex clots on head CT in infants with subdural hemorrhages as a predictor for abusive head trauma. Charting the Globe: How Technologies Have Affected Our Understanding of Retinal Findings in Abusive Head Trauma/Shaken Baby Syndrome. Incidence and Risk Factors for Abusive Head Trauma A Population-Based Study. May 2021. Lawson, M., Tully, J., Ditchfield, M., et al. Pediatrics. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. Yoon, S., Lee, Juyoung, Jun. The then-18-year-old Sacramento, California, father called an . July 2022. November 2020. Cornell EM and Powell EC. Gise R, Truong T, Poulsen DM, et al. Injuries and child abuse increase during the pandemic over 12942 emergency admissions. In 2020, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.4 deaths per 1,000 live births. An analysis of physicians' diagnostic reasoning regarding pediatric abusive head trauma. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. Other injuries that can occur as a result of shaking are cerebral edema (brain swelling), cerebral contusions (brain bruises), external head bruises, body bruises, skull fractures, rib fractures, long bone fractures, neck and spinal cord damage, or other injuries that cannot be explained through a medical condition or accidental trauma. 2021 Oct; 73 (5):435-443. SIDS can happen even when you do everything right. When Michelle Heale was sentenced for shaking to death 14-month old Mason Hess, she told the courtroom: "Innocent people are being sent to prison based on this flawed theoryThis needs to stop.". April 2020. March 2019. View child care courses under the topic of SIDS, Shaken Baby, and Brain Development. Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting. La Revue de Mdecine Lgale. The association between child maltreatment and sleep disturbances among preschoolers. Pediatric Emergency Care. Weiss, R, He, C., Khan, S., et al. O'Hara, M.A., Valvano, T., Kashyap, M., et al. Cheon, J.E., & Kim, J.H. Mitchell IC, Norat BJ, Auerbach M, et al. Public Health. Describing functional skills in children with cerebral palsy close to age 5years matters. J AAPOS. Child Abuse & Neglect. Short Falls inChildhoodOccasionally Cause Major Brain Injuries Because of Unusual Circumstances. Implementation of a brain injury screen MRI for infants at risk for abusive head trauma. Estimated rates of mortality or death for those suffering from shaken baby syndrome range from around 15% to upwards of 38%; the median average is between 20% and 25%. Rarely, it can happen in children up to 5 years old. Laurent-Vannie, A., Bernard, J.Y., & Chevignard, M. Child Abuse Review. External Validation of the PediBIRN Screening Tool for Abusive Head Trauma in Pediatric Emergency Department Settings. April 2020. Turk Pediatri Ars. Incidence of hospitalization for abusive head trauma in Chiba City, Japan. Forensic Science Med Pathology: 2009, Joelle Moreno and Brian Holmgren. Health services utilization and cost of abusive head trauma in Taiwan: A population-based retrospective matched cohort study. Describing functional skills in children with cerebral palsy close to age 5years matters. A Systematic Review. Overturned abusive head trauma and shaken baby syndrome convictions in the United States: Prevalence, legal basis, and medical evidence. Journal of Surgical Research. Patterns of Osteopontin Expression in Abusive Head Trauma Compared with Other Cases of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, or SIDS, is the leading cause of death in babies between the ages of 1 month and 1 year. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Cervical spine injuries in young children: pattern and outcomes in accidental versus inflicted trauma. Which Children Are at Risk for Abusive Head Trauma? Bechtel K, Derbyshire M, Gaither JR, Leventhal JM. December 2020. Child's Nervous System. Deeg, K.H. February 2020. Badger S, Waugh MC, Hancock J, Marks S, & Oakley K. Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine. July 2016. The Eyes Have It: How Critical are Ophthalmic Findings to the Diagnosis of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma? January 2022. Clinical Radiology. The AAP continues to affirm the dangers and harms of shaking infants, continues to embrace the shaken baby syndrome diagnosis as a valid subset of the AHT diagnosis, and encourages pediatric practitioners to educate community stakeholders when necessary. on Gericho he did not see any bruising under the baby's arm pit or ribs that would be consistent with shaking a baby to death. Eismann, E.A., Theuerling, J., & Makoroff, K.L. Development of a screening MRI for infants at risk for abusive head trauma. February 2021. Rise in the incidence of abusive head trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Amagasa S, Matsui H, Tsuji S, Moriya T, Kinoshita K. Am J Emerg Med. Usefulness of 3-D computed tomography for diagnosis of abusive head trauma. A perfect storm: The distribution of tissue damage depends on seizure duration, hemorrhage, and developmental stage in a gyrencephalic, multi-factorial, severe traumatic brain injury model. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Neurochirurgie. Wed, Mar 01 . Forensics Science International. February 2019. Accuracy of the history of injury obtained from the caregiver in infantile head trauma, The classic metaphyseal lesion and traumatic injury, Validation of the Pittsburgh Infant Brain Injury Score for Abusive Head Trauma, Fatal Abusive Head Trauma Among Children Aged <5 years - United States, 1999-2014, Preventing Shaken Baby Syndrome: Evaluation of a Multiple-Setting Program, Rapid MRI evaluation of acute intracranial hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma, The natural history of retinal hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. Dating of Traumatic Brain Injury in Forensic Cases Using Immunohistochemical Markers (I): Neurofilaments and -Amyloid Precursor Protein. Kratchman, D.M., Vaugh, P., Silverman, B.L., et al. February 2019. July 2021. Pediatric Neurosurgery. April 2017. July 2022. 86% of deaths occurred in the first 5 months of life. Features of intracranial hemorrhage in cerebral venous thrombosis. Narang SK, Estrada C, Greenberg S, Lindberg DM. August 2021. Utility of pediatric fast magnetic resonance imaging protocol as surveillance scanning for traumatic brain injury. Oestreich AE. Hennocq, Q., Adjed, C., Chappuy, E., et al. The statement is published in Pediatric Radiology. The CAPNET multi-center data set for child physical abuse: Rationale, methods and scope. Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies. Peddada KV, Sullivan BT, Margalit A, et al. World Neurosurgery. A descriptive study of accidental skeletal injuries and non-accidental skeletal injuries of child maltreatment. A cluster randomized trial to reduce missed abusive head trauma in pediatric intensive care settings. Pediatric Neurology. Bleeding in the layers of the retina are called retinal hemorrhages. December 2019. Early developmental, behavioral, and quality of life outcomes following abusive head trauma in infants. Pediatric Surgery International. July 2022. Injuries and child abuse increase during the pandemic over 12942 emergency admissions. Identifying Predictors of Physical Abuse Evaluation of Injured Infants. August 2022. Majiaghamemar M, Lan IS, Christian C, Coats B, Margulies SS. Short-Term Effects of Tax Credits on Rates of Child Maltreatment Reports in the United States. Early computed tomography for acute post-traumatic diffuse axonal injury: a systematic review. Trends in shaken baby syndrome diagnosis codes among young children hospitalized for abuse. Delaplain PT, Grigorian A, Won E, et al. The injuries seen in cases of SBS/AHT are caused by violent shaking and, in some cases, impact. 19. Choudhary AK, Servaes S, Slovis TL, et al. Assessing service quality and access in trauma centers through behavioral health screening, education, and treatment after pediatric injury. Pediatric Skull Fractures Contacting Sutures: Relevance in Abusive Head Trauma. Ryan ME, Jaju A, Ciolino JD, Alden T. Neuroradiology. The legal challenges to the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome or how to counter 12 common fake news. The medical community then quickly adopted the hypotheses from the AAP report as established fact, despite lack of . [Effectiveness of an educational video about infant crying on prevention of shaken baby syndrome among pregnant Japanese women and their partners]. December 2020. January 2020. Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients Admitted With Abusive Head Trauma. A systematic autopsy survey of human infant bridging veins. The neuroimaging mimics of abusive head trauma. Shimoji, K., Suehiro, E., Matsuno, A., et al. April 2022. November 2022. Circumstances of injury in children with abusive versus non-abusive injuries. Haas-Lude K, Roulet-Perez E,Dbler-Neumann M, et al. Davison, M.A, Button, K.D., Benzel, E.C., et al. Raj, A., Christian, C.W., Binebaum, G., et al. Effect of Educational Program on Mothers' Perception and Practices Regarding Crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome. Clinical Characteristics and Nonconvulsive Seizures in Young Children with Abusive Head Trauma. Arnaud C. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. Unexplained mechanism of subdural hematoma with convulsion suggests nonaccidental head trauma: A multicenter, retrospective study by the Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study (J-HITs) group. Acceptance of Shaken Baby Syndrome and Abusive Head Trauma as Medical Diagnoses. Neuroradiology. November 2015. Notrica DM, Kirsch L, Misra S, et al. Child Abuse & Neglect. Abusive Head Trauma through Shaking: Examination of the Perpetrators According to Dating of the Traumatic Event. The leading causes of death among infants are birth defects, preterm delivery, low birth weight, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and maternal complications during pregnancy. Nov. 2018. Pediatric Emergency Care. The role of the pediatric neurosurgeon in abusive head injuries: a survey of members of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. Retinal haemorrhage in infants with pertussis. American Journal of Roentgenology. Atkinson, K.D., Fix, S.T., & Fix, R.L. Part 1: initial considerations and appendicular skeleton. The following tips may help prevent abuse: Take a deep breath and count to 10 Take time out and let the baby cry alone ICD-10-CM Codes for the Identification of Abusive Head Trauma in Administrative Datasets. February 2022. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. A Retrospective Study of Cervicla Spine MRI Findings in Children with Abusive Head Trauma. Orman G, Kralik SF, Meoded A, et al. Pediatrics. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology. April 2017. July 2022. Pediatric Radiology. January 2020. Child Abuse & Neglect. Abusive head trauma is the primary cause of death and disability in infants and young children from child abuse. Neuroradiology. These are some of the most relevant research articles about Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma that will aid a lay person wanting to learn more about this form of child abuse. June 2021. Evaluating abusive head trauma in children <5 years old: Risk factors and the importance of the social history. Ophthalmological lesions in shaken baby syndrome: a retrospective analysis of 133 consecutive cases (1992-2018). Terry McKirchy, 59, who now lives in Texas, was arrested again on July 2 after a grand jury in Broward County, Fla., indicted her on a first-degree murder charge in the death of Benjamin Dowling . Prioritizing personal and team well-being: Lessons learned during the pandemic. Sornalingam K, Borman AD, and Ashworth J. Karmazyn B, Marine MB, Wanner MR, et al. Using Computed Tomography skeletal surveys to evaluate for occult bony injury in suspected non-accidental injury cases A preliminary experience. The diagnosis and management of abusive head injuries in infancy in Egypt. Choudhary AK, Suarez PD, Binenbaum G, et al. An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. Amick, M., Bentivegna, K., Hunter, A.A., et al. Laurent-Vannier A, Bernard JY, & Chevignard M. Child Abuse Review. Peace, A.E., Caruso, D., Agala, C.B., et al. Optical Coherence Tomography and Visual Outcomes in Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma. Previ Sci. Jalloul, R.J., Vigil, A., Chen, H.Y., et al. Neurobilogy of Disease. Saunders D, Raissaki M, Servaes S, et al. Levin AL, Luyet FM, Knox BL. Imaging and reporting considerations for suspected physical abuse (non-accidental injury) in infants and young children. Today, the Children's Bureau at HHS' Administration for Children and Families (ACF) released the 31st Child Maltreatment Report. [Epub ahead of print]. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma after abuse evaluation. July 2018. Yes, because there's often no obvious evidence of injury or violence, shaken baby syndrome may be missed. Journal of Pediatric Neurology. Pediatric Radiology: 2014, George Edwards. Morgan, E.A., Bahgat, R.S., & Dawood, B.M. October 2017. Occult head injuries in infants evaluated for physical abuse. Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies. It mainly occurs in babies under the age of one. Feldman, K.W., Melville, J.D., Valvano, T.J., et al. February 2016. Shaken baby syndrome in Italy: socio-cultural and medico-legal perspective. Memorandum Opinion and Order on the United States' Motion in Limine for Daubert Ruling Regarding the Admissibility and Scope of Defendant's Proposed Expert Witness. Chen, Q., Chen, X., Xu, L., et al. The second look was largely thanks to a 2013 state law, dubbed the "junk science law," which allows Texas courts to overturn a conviction when the scientific . A subdural hematoma, or hemorrhage, is usually caused by a head injury strong enough to burst blood vessels. Development of a Model of Hemispheric Hypodensity ("Big Black Brain"). July 2019. January 2022. July 2015. Changing diagnostic patterns in cases of sudden and unexpected natural death in infants and young children: 19942018. Journal of Controversies in Biomedical Research. Child Abuse & Neglect. March 2018. January 2017 [Epub ahead of print]. August 2018. June 2022. Keywords: autopsy; death; shaken baby syndrome. The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Child Mortality and Survival Following Abusive Head Trauma. Denialism Preserves Scientific Controversies: a Case Study of Abusive Head Trauma Research. Photographic assessment of retinal hemorrhages in infant head injury: the Childhood Hemorrhagic Retinopathy Study. Fracture Patterns Differ Between Osteogenesis Imperfecta and Routine Pediatric Fractures. Massiota, L., Launay, E., Fleury, J., et al. Prevalence of metaphyseal injury and its mimickers in otherwise healthy children under two years of age. Kennedy JM, Lazortiz S, & Palusci VJ. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Magnetic resonance imaging of optic nerve and optic sheath hemorrhages in child abuse. Course Information Abusive head trauma, which includes head injuries from child abuse such as Shaken Baby Syndrome, is the leading cause of death in cases of child abuse in the United States. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma after abuse evaluation. September 2022. Abusive Head Trauma: Understanding Head Injury Maltreatment. Preventing Maltreatment of Children. August 2019. A 1987 study reviewed 48 cases of "shaken baby syndrome" in the Philadelphia area and found that of the 13 fatalities, all had signs of impact, too. Chen, Y., & Feng, J. Kank A, nce OT, Yeilolu , Eliak K, Bakiler AR. Abusive Head Trauma: Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is the group of signs and symptoms experienced by very young children who are shaken. January 2023. Every child, every time: hospital-wide child abuse screening increases awareness and state reporting, Prevalence of metaphyseal injury and its mimickers in otherwise healthy children under two years of age, Cerebellar lesions in pediatric abusive head trauma, Frequency of macroscopic intradural hemorrhage with and without subdural hemorrhages in early childhood autopsies, Abusive head trauma, healthcare, and childhood professionals' lack of knowledge is detrimental to the child's interest, Infant skull fracture risk for low height falls, Classic Metaphyseal Lesions among Victims of Abuse, Fracture incidence in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - A population-based case-control study, Characteristics that distinguish abusive from nonabusive cases of sudden unexpected infant deaths, Modeling of inflicted head injury by shaking trauma in children: what can we learn?

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