Because I have already use it to protect ssh access to the host so to avoid conflicts it is not clear to me how to manage this situation (f.e. LEM current transducer 2.5 V internal reference, Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". That way you don't end up blocking cloudflare. Have you correctly bind mounted your logs from NPM into the fail2ban container? I used to have all these on the same vm and it worked then, later I moved n-p-m to vm where my mail server is, and the vm with nextcloud and ha and other stuff is being tunelled via mullvad and everything still seems to work. i.e. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. This textbox defaults to using Markdown to format your answer. WebWith the visitor IP addresses now being logged in Nginxs access and error logs, Fail2ban can be configured. However, by default, its not without its drawbacks: Fail2Ban uses iptables to manage its bans, inserting a --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable rule for each banned host. Please let me know if any way to improve. NginX - Fail2ban NginX navigation search NginX HTTP Server nginx [engine x] is a HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as a mail proxy server written by Igor Sysoev. How would fail2ban work on a reverse proxy server? Maybe drop into the Fail2ban container and validate that the logs are present at /var/log/npm. This will let you block connections before they hit your self hosted services. Hello, on host can be configured with geoip2 , stream I have read it could be possible, how? Isn't that just directing traffic to the appropriate service, which then handles any authentication and rejection? How does the NLT translate in Romans 8:2? Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, https://dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens. The only place (that I know of) that its used is in the actionstop line, to clear a chain before its deleted. So as you see, implementing fail2ban in NPM may not be the right place. I want to try out this container in a production environment but am hesitant to do so without f2b baked in. Press J to jump to the feed. Sign up for Infrastructure as a Newsletter. The header name is set to X-Forwarded-For by default, but you can set custom values as required. To make modifications, we need to copy this file to /etc/fail2ban/jail.local. sender = fail2ban@localhost, setup postfix as per here: Click on 'Proxy Hosts' on the dashboard. Similarly, Home Assistant requires trusted proxies (https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/http/#trusted_proxies). To do so, you will have to first set up an MTA on your server so that it can send out email. Thanks for writing this. Should I be worried? As v2 is not actively developed, just patched by the official author, it will not be added in v2 unless someone from the community implements it and opens a pull request. : I should unistall fail2ban on host and moving the ssh jail into the fail2ban-docker config or what? Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? I already used Cloudflare for DNS management only since my initial registrar had some random limitations of adding subdomains. @arsaboo I use both ha and nextcloud (and other 13-ish services, including mail server) with n-p-m set up with fail2ban as I outlined above without any issue. But anytime having it either totally running on host or totally on Container for any software is best thing to do. Before you begin, you should have an Ubuntu 14.04 server set up with a non-root account. I want to try out this container in a production environment but am hesitant to do so without f2b baked in. You can add this to the defaults, frontend, listen and backend sections of the HAProxy config. When i used this command: sudo iptables -S some Ips also showed in the end, what does that means? "/action.d/action-ban-docker-forceful-browsing.conf" - took me some time before I realized it. [PARTIALLY SOLVED, YOU REFER TO THE MAPPED FOLDERS] my logs make by npm are all in in a logs folder (no log, logS), and has the following pattern: /logs/proxy-host-*.log and also fallback*.log; [UPDATE, PARTIALLY SOLVED] the regex seems to work, files proxy* contain: Yes this is just relative path of the npm logs you mount read-only into the fail2ban container, you have to adjust accordingly to your path. Can I implement this without using cloudflare tunneling? Adding the fallback files seems useful to me. #, action = proxy-iptables[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"], iptables-multiport[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"], Fail2Ban Behind a Reverse Proxy: The Almost-Correct Way, A Professional Amateur Develops Color Film, Reject or drop the packet, maybe with extra options for how. If you are using volumes and backing them up nightly you can easily move your npm container or rebuild it if necessary. I cant find any information about what is exactly noproxy? They can and will hack you no matter whether you use Cloudflare or not. WebFail2Ban is a wonderful tool for managing failed authentication or usage attempts for anything public facing. You'll also need to look up how to block http/https connections based on a set of ip addresses. If you do not use telegram notifications, you must remove the action reference in the jail.local as well as action.d scripts. I started my selfhosting journey without Cloudflare. Make sure the forward host is properly set with the correct http scheme and port. It works for me also. With the visitor IP addresses now being logged in Nginxs access and error logs, Fail2ban can be configured. Fail2ban can scan many different types of logs such as Nginx, Apache and ssh logs. I've got a few things running behind nginx proxy manager and they all work because the basic http (s)://IP:port request locally auto loads the desired location. Yes! WebNow Im trying to get homelab-docs.mydomain.com to go through the tunnel, hit the reverse proxy, and get routed to the backend container thats running dokuwiki. I needed the latest features such as the ability to forward HTTPS enabled sites. So hardening and securing my server and services was a non issue. Currently fail2ban doesn't play so well sitting in the host OS and working with a container. Please read the Application Setup section of the container documentation.. LoadModule cloudflare_module. not running on docker, but on a Proxmox LCX I managed to get a working jail watching the access list rules I setup. Check the packet against another chain. At what point of what we watch as the MCU movies the branching started? 100 % agree - > On the other hand, f2b is easy to add to the docker container. Did you try this out with any of those? Since most people don't want to risk running plex/jellyfin via cloudflare tunnels (or cloudflare proxy). Wed like to help. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. My mail host has IMAP and POP proxied, meaning their bans need to be put on the proxy. Is it save to assume it is the default file from the developer's repository? However, by default, its not without its drawbacks: Fail2Ban uses iptables Fail2ban is a daemon to ban hosts that cause multiple authentication errors.. Install/Setup. This worked for about 1 day. Isn't that just directing traffic to the appropriate service, which then handles any authentication and rejection? I'll be considering all feature requests for this next version. [Init], maxretry = 3 Is fail2ban a better option than crowdsec? Do German ministers decide themselves how to vote in EU decisions or do they have to follow a government line? Ackermann Function without Recursion or Stack. WebSo I assume you don't have docker installed or you do not use the host network for the fail2ban container. So I added the fallback_.log and the fallback-.log to my jali.d/npm-docker.local. The steps outlined here make many assumptions about both your operating environment and your understanding of the Linux OS and services running on Linux. I have my fail2ban work : Do someone have any idea what I should do? Evaluate your needs and threats and watch out for alternatives. Any advice? Currently fail2ban doesn't play so well sitting in the host OS and working with a container. Or save yourself the headache and use cloudflare to block ips there. The only workaround I know for nginx to handle this is to work on tcp level. HAProxy is performing TLS termination and then communicating with the web server with HTTP. Sure, its using SSH keys, but its using the keys of another host, meaning if you compromise root on one system then you get immediate root access over SSH to the other. --Instead just renaming it to "/access.log" gets the server started, but that's about as far as it goes. We now have to add the filters for the jails that we have created. However, fail2ban provides a great deal of flexibility to construct policies that will suit your specific security needs. The problem is that when i access my web services with an outside IP, for example like 99.99.99.99, my nginx proxy takes that request, wraps its own ip around it, for example 192.168.0.1, and then sends it to my webserver. By taking a look at the variables and patterns within the /etc/fail2ban/jail.local file, and the files it depends on within the /etc/fail2ban/filter.d and /etc/fail2ban/action.d directories, you can find many pieces to tweak and change as your needs evolve. I have disabled firewalld, installed iptables, disabled (renamed) /jail.d/00-firewalld.conf file. But, when you need it, its indispensable. You can add additional IP addresses or networks delimited by a space, to the existing list: Another item that you may want to adjust is the bantime, which controls how many seconds an offending member is banned for. rev2023.3.1.43269. This is important - reloading ensures that changes made to the deny.conf file are recognized. Regarding Cloudflare v4 API you have to troubleshoot. My Token and email in the conf are correct, so what then? However, though I can successfully now ban with it, I don't get notifications for bans and the logs don't show a successful ban. Any guesses? On the other hand, f2b is easy to add to the docker container. But with nginx-proxy-manager the primary attack vector in to someones network iswellnginx-proxy-manager! Modified 4 months ago. I get about twice the amount of bans on my cloud based mailcow mail server, along the bans that mailcow itself facilitates for failed mail logins. I know there is already an option to "block common exploirts" but I'm not sure what that actually does, and fail2ban is quite a robust way of dealing with attacks. Crap, I am running jellyfin behind cloudflare. But if you take the example of someone also running an SSH server, you may also want fail2ban on it. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: I think that this kind of functionality would be better served by a separate container. So please let this happen! Configure fail2ban so random people on the internet can't mess with your server. Otherwise fail2ban will try to locate the script and won't find it. I would also like to vote for adding this when your bandwidth allows. Always a personal decision and you can change your opinion any time. I adapted and modified examples from this thread and I think I might have it working with current npm release + fail2ban in docker: run fail2ban in another container via https://github.com/crazy-max/docker-fail2ban Very informative and clear. Ive been victim of attackers, what would be the steps to kick them out? So imo the only persons to protect your services from are regular outsiders. You can use the action_mw action to ban the client and send an email notification to your configured account with a whois report on the offending address. You'll also need to look up how to block http/https connections based on a set of ip addresses. In production I need to have security, back ups, and disaster recovery. Some people have gone overkill, having Fail2Ban run the ban and do something like insert a row into a central SQL database, that other hosts check every minute or so to send ban or unban requests to their local Fail2Ban. Hope I have time to do some testing on this subject, soon. It's completely fine to let people know that Cloudflare can, and probably will, collect some of your data if you use them. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. To influence multiple hosts, you need to write your own actions. https://www.authelia.com/ The main one we care about right now is INPUT, which is checked on every packet a host receives. As for access-log, it is not advisable (due to possibly large parasite traffic) - better you'd configure nginx to log unauthorized attempts to another log-file and monitor it in the jail. I also adjusted the failregex in filter.d/npm-docker.conf, here is the file content: Referencing the instructions that @hugalafutro mentions here: I attempted to follow your steps, however had a few issues: The compose file you mention includes a .env file, however you didn't provide the contents of this file. Begin by running the following commands as a non-root user to However, it has an unintended side effect of blocking services like Nextcloud or Home Assistant where we define the trusted proxies. To this extent, I might see about creating another user with no permissions except for iptables. But are you really worth to be hacked by nation state? I'm very new to fail2ban need advise from y'all. Set up fail2ban on the host running your nginx proxy manager. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-configure-postfix-as-a-send-only-smtp-server-on-ubuntu-14-04. You could also use the action_mwl action, which does the same thing, but also includes the offending log lines that triggered the ban: Now that you have some of the general fail2ban settings in place, we can concentrate on enabling some Nginx-specific jails that will monitor our web server logs for specific behavior patterns. So, is there a way to setup and detect failed login attemps of my webservices from my proxy server and if so, do youve got a hint? Big question: How do I set this up correctly that I can't access my Webservices anymore when my IP is banned? Today weve seen the top 5 causes for this error, and how to fix it. If fail to ban blocks them nginx will never proxy them. So why not make the failregex scan al log files including fallback*.log only for Client.. Google "fail2ban jail nginx" and you should find what you are wanting. Just because we are on selfhosted doesn't mean EVERYTHING needs to be selfhosted. Endlessh is a wonderful little app that sits on the default ssh port and drags out random ssh responses until they time out to waste the script kiddie's time and then f2b bans them for a month. (Note: if you change this header name value, youll want to make sure that youre properly capturing it within Nginx to grab the visitors IP address). However, you must ensure that only IPv4 and IPv6 IP addresses of the Cloudflare network are allowed to talk to your server. And those of us with that experience can easily tweak f2b to our liking. Thanks. For many people, such as myself, that's worth it and no problem at all. If you are interested in protecting your Nginx server with fail2ban, you might already have a server set up and running. Now i've configured fail2ban on my webserver which is behind the proxy correctly (it can detect the right IP adress and bans it) but I can still access the web service with my banned IP. I agree than Nginx Proxy Manager is one of the potential users of fail2ban. I am using the current LTS Ubuntu distribution 16.04 running in the cloud on a DigitalOcean Droplet. If you set up Postfix, like the above tutorial demonstrates, change this value to mail: You need to select the email address that will be sent notifications. Each jail within the configuration file is marked by a header containing the jail name in square brackets (every section but the [DEFAULT] section indicates a specific jails configuration). @BaukeZwart , Can you please let me know how to add the ban because I added the ban action but it's not banning the IP. If youve ever done some proxying and see Fail2Ban complaining that a host is already banned, this is one cause. This was something I neglected when quickly activating Cloudflare. I am definitely on your side when learning new things not automatically including Cloudflare. This will prevent our changes from being overwritten if a package update provides a new default file: Open the newly copied file so that we can set up our Nginx log monitoring: We should start by evaluating the defaults set within the file to see if they suit our needs. Nothing seems to be affected functionality-wise though. Have a question about this project? Depends. Well, iptables is a shell command, meaning I need to find some way to send shell commands to a remote system. I get a Telegram notification for server started/shut down, but the service does not ban anything, or write to the logfile. Once these are set, run the docker compose and check if the container is up and running or not. Nothing helps, I am not sure why, and I dont see any errors that why is F2B unable to update the iptables rules. It is a few months out of date. The first idea of using Cloudflare worked. Tldr: Don't use Cloudflare for everything. How would fail2ban work on a reverse proxy server? It took me a while to understand that it was not an ISP outage or server fail. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Because this also modifies the chains, I had to re-define it as well. I really had no idea how to build the failregex, please help . Requests from HAProxy to the web server will contain a HTTP header named X-Forwarded-For that contains the visitors IP address. Or may be monitor error-log instead. Well, i did that for the last 2 days but i cant seem to find a working answer. My dumbness, I am currently using NPM with a MACVLAN, therefore the fail2ban container can read the mounted logs and create ip tables on the host, but the traffice from and to NPM is not going to the iptables of the host because of the MACVLAN and so banning does not work. Anyone reading this in the future, the reference to "/action.d/action-ban-docker-forceful-browsing" is supposed to be a .conf file, i.e. Server Fault is a question and answer site for system and network administrators. What does a search warrant actually look like? PTIJ Should we be afraid of Artificial Intelligence? Same for me, would be really great if it could added. To y'all looking to use fail2ban with your nginx-proxy-manager in docker here's a tip: In your jail.local file under where the section (jail) for nginx-http-auth is you need to add this line so when something is banned it routes through iptables correctly with docker: Anyone who has a guide how to implement this by myself in the image? But is the regex in the filter.d/npm-docker.conf good for this? Working on improving health and education, reducing inequality, and spurring economic growth? Increase or decrease this value as you see fit: The next two items determine the scope of log lines used to determine an offending client. Sign in My understanding is that this result means my firewall is not configured correctly, but I wanted to confirm from someone who actually knows what they are doing. in nextcloud I define the trusted proxy like so in config.php: in ha I define it in configuration.yaml like so: Hi all, This account should be configured with sudo privileges in order to issue administrative commands. @jc21 I guess I should have specified that I was referring to the docker container linked in the first post (unRAID). real_ip_header CF-Connecting-IP; hope this can be useful. Ultimately, it is still Cloudflare that does not block everything imo. You can type !ref in this text area to quickly search our full set of tutorials, documentation & marketplace offerings and insert the link! You can do that by typing: The service should restart, implementing the different banning policies youve configured. I'm assuming this should be adjusted relative to the specific location of the NPM folder? Privacy or security? Update the local package index and install by typing: The fail2ban service is useful for protecting login entry points. All of the actions force a hot-reload of the Nginx configuration. There's talk about security, but I've worked for multi million dollar companies with massive amounts of sensitive customer data, used by government agencies and never once have we been hacked or had any suspicious attempts to gain access. WebApache. Docker installs two custom chains named DOCKER-USER and DOCKER. This container runs with special permissions NET_ADMIN and NET_RAW and runs in host network mode by default. However, there are two other pre-made actions that can be used if you have mail set up. All rights reserved. Im a newbie. We will use an Ubuntu 14.04 server. This error is usually caused by an incorrect configuration of your proxy host. Fill in the needed info for your reverse proxy entry. It is sometimes a good idea to add your own IP address or network to the list of exceptions to avoid locking yourself out. One of the first items to look at is the list of clients that are not subject to the fail2ban policies. Well occasionally send you account related emails. For example, Nextcloud required you to specify the trusted domains (https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_server/config_sample_php_parameters.html). Once you have your MTA set up, you will have to adjust some additional settings within the [DEFAULT] section of the /etc/fail2ban/jail.local file. By default, Nginx is configured to start automatically when the server boots/reboots. In production I need to have security, back ups, and disaster recovery. Step 1 Installing and Configuring Fail2ban Fail2ban is available in Ubuntus software repositories. By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and But at the end of the day, its working. Fail2ban already blocked several Chinese IPs because of this attempt, and I lowered to maxretry 0 and ban for one week. By default, fail2ban is configured to only ban failed SSH login attempts. So the decision was made to expose some things publicly that people can just access via the browser or mobile app without VPN. Hi, thank you so much for the great guide! By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and For some reason filter is not picking up failed attempts: Many thanks for this great article! Start by setting the mta directive. Proxy: HAProxy 1.6.3 Thanks @hugalafutro. To make this information appear in the logs of Nginx, modify nginx.conf to include the following directives in your http block. if you name your file instead of npm-docker.local to haha-hehe-hihi.local, you need to put filter=haha-hehe-hihi instead of filter=npm-docker etc. Almost 4 years now. This will let you block connections before they hit your self hosted services. Super secret stuff: I'm not working on v2 anymore, and instead slowly working on v3. Now that NginX Proxy Manager is up and running, let's setup a site. Or the one guy just randomly DoS'ing your server for the lulz. Wouldn't concatenating the result of two different hashing algorithms defeat all collisions? These will be found under the [DEFAULT] section within the file. I then created a separate instance of the f2b container following your instructions, which also seem to work (at least so far). I've been hoping to use fail2ban with my npm docker compose set-up. Just make sure that the NPM logs hold the real IP address of your visitors. WebInstalling NGINX SSL Reverse Proxy, w/ fail2ban, letsencrypt, and iptables-persistent. By default, only the [ssh] jail is enabled. Your blog post seems exactly what I'm looking for, but I'm not sure what to do about this little piece: If you are using Cloudflare proxy, ensure that your setup only accepts requests coming from the Cloudflare CDN network by whitelisting Cloudflare's IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on your server for TCP/80 (HTTP) and TCP/443 (HTTPS). On one hand, this project's goals was for the average joe to be able to easily use HTTPS for their incoming websites; not become a network security specialist. Hello @mastan30, Solution: It's setting custom action to ban and unban and also use Iptables forward from forward to f2b-npm-docker, f2b-emby which is more configuring up docker network, my docker containers are all in forward chain network, you can change FOWARD to DOCKER-USER or INPUT according to your docker-containers network. You get paid; we donate to tech nonprofits. My email notifications are sending From: root@localhost with name root.

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